Sovereign Nation Era Ends 1800-1827

1813

Hillabee Massacre of the Muscogee Creek (Alabama)

Map of Alabama; Hillabee is located in the center right. Image: Benson Lossing
Map of Alabama; Hillabee is located in the center right. Image: Benson Lossing

General White and his Tennessee troops launch a surprise attack on a Muscogee village, whose leaders are already engaged in peace talks with General Andrew Jackson. Sixty-five Muscogee are killed (“List of Indian massacres”).

Traumatic Event